6.11.18

The Bellinger River Virus and the endangered freshwater snapping turtle


The "Bellinger River Virus" has been identified as the causative agent for the large scale mortalities in the endangered Bellinger River snapping turtles
in 2015.

Identification of a novel nidovirus as a potential cause of large scale mortalities in the endangered Bellinger River snapping turtle (Myuchelys georgesi) PLOS

Bellinger River virus found 06.11.2018 The Bellingen Courier-Sun 

A diverse suite of pharmaceuticals contaminates stream and riparian food webs, Nature, 6.11.2018

1.10.18

Oh my god they forgot the bike parking! Bellingen 'beautification'



The beautified Bellingen 'main drag' has no bike parking, let alone a bike path. Parking combustion engines is on the mind, not emission free parking infrastructure for all ages.

The planted exotic horticultural wonders proudly sponsor plants from far flung locations. (Place branding?) The vegetation has not yet reached curtain size to shield against the oversized heavy vehicles shooting through town. The daisies from South Africa might one day slow traffic down by covering the hot bitumen.
The sparrows are delighted by the puddles that form on the new tiles. A toddler was seen quenching his thirst on one of the many dog drinking bowls. No birdbaths were spotted anywhere for wildlife. The generous deposited dog faeces go a long way on the smooth terrazzo flooring. Pedestrians navigate commercial furniture, speeding skateboards on the private public partnerships (PPP) 'footpath' and hope they can run fast enough to cross the zebra crossings...



The problem isn’t dockless share bikes. It’s the lack of bike parking, The Conservation, 1.10.2018

Update: 06062020 
There is only one bike rack in Bellingen now, unfortunately dog owners tie large dogs to it so there is still nowhere to park one's bike.
  

22.2.18

The Urunga Boardwalk Environment



Urunga is on the mid-north coast of NSW. The 'long place' of the Gumbaynggirr people is where the Kalang River, the Bellinger River, the Urunga lagoon and the Pacific ocean meet. A junction of mangrove forest, floodplain forests and coastal suburbia. The Urunga Boardwalk structure allows human access through these environments. A domesticated coast line that served to ship the extracted timber. Today rapid urbanisation and mobile sprawl (tourism) are the life blood.

The area is part of the Bellinger Heads State Park NSW. To the South, Picket Hill (Nunguu Miirlal) is a very distinctive landmark, the Great Dividing Range frames the North.



The walk starts at Urunga town where visitor facilities, their cars and dogs mingle with endangered birds.  Brahminy Kites are hunting and the endangered Beach Stone Curlews ( Esacus magnirostris) and Curlew sandpipers (Calidris ferruginea) make a nervous appearance.



The narrow wooden structure of the boardwalk is crowded with a procession of recreational anglers and their plastic gear. Pet lovers are encouraged to bring their dogs into this shorebird habitat. Even when the walk is not congested, various birds flee at the sight of even a quiet human presence. One is aware of the impact.

 
The mangrove ground is alive with marine life. The estuary stingray (Dasyatis fluviorum) inhabits shallow, mangrove-lined tidal rivers and estuaries. The endemic and "once-abundant estuary stingray has declined substantially across its range." (source) Living in shallow tidal and mangrove habitats, they are often killed by recreational anglers and shellfish farmers. Sometimes they are just mutilated. Habitat degradation and loss due to foreshore development are just a few of the anthropogenic impacts.



Links: 

Destined to decline? Intrinsic susceptibility of the threatened estuary stingray to anthropogenic impacts, CSIRO

National Parks warn of growing threats to endangered shorebirds on NSW North Coast, abc 27.10.2016

'Fantasy documents': recovery plans failing Australia's endangered species, Guardian 20.02.2018

Threatened Species, NSW gov au

Dasyatis and extinction risks, IUCN, pdf

Updates:

Dredging Urunga lagoon in times of sea level rise. Marine life (pdf) will be delighted by fossil fuel dredging. 'A win for a swim - finally', Bellingen Courier, 27.02.2018

Images:
Photos, Urunga public mural

16.5.17

East Coast Encounter from Coffs Harbour


A visit to the East Coast Encounter at the Coffs Harbour art gallery. Inspiring artists are depicting the 1770 dialogue from the perspective of the boat or/and the shore. A ‘Visions of Australia program’ that takes Cook's journey through Solitary Island Marine Park as a focal point. His log reads:
“From what I have said of the Natives of New-Holland they may appear to some to be the most wretched people upon Earth, but in reality they are far happier than we Europeans; …. They live in a Tranquillity which is not disturbed by the Inequality of Condition: The Earth and sea of their own accord furnishes them with all things necessary for life; they covet not magnificent houses & Household-stuff they live in a warm and fine climate and enjoy a very wholesome air, so that they have very little need of clothing and this they seem to be fully sensible of, for many to whom we gave cloth, left it carelessly upon the sea beach and in the woods as a thing they had no manner of use for. In short they seemed to set no value upon any thing we gave them, nor would they ever part with any thing of their own for any one article we could offer them; this, in my opinion argues that they think themselves provided with all the necessities of life and that they have no superfluities.”
Extract from Captain Cook’s journal



Stepping outside of the art gallery /library to the great outdoors of the carpark, the contemporary dialogue between indoors and outdoors landscapes continues. The Fitzroy Oval framed by Coffs Creek used to be know as the Old Camp of the Gumbaynggirr Nation. It is now being bricked up. Even the Aboriginal Heritage Signs have disappeared into invisibility....


Images:
Mural, NSW
Old Camp, Fitzroy Oval Aboriginal History Sign 
Fitzroy Oval, Coffs Harbour, Google
Brick by brick The Old Camp ('Yaam Nguura Jalumgal’) and open space disappears

Update:
The Coffs Harbour’s Gumbaynggirr community can call the remains of ‘The Old Camp', also known as  Fitzroy Oval  – 'Yaam Nguura Jalumgal’. The prerogative of interpretation will go to the Geographical Names Board of NSW for approval...  Coffs – Aboriginal Site Recognised with New Name, Bellingen Courier, 26.05.2017

24.3.17

Cattle in the Riparian Zones in the Bellinger Valley



Has anything changed for the critically endangered Bellinger River Snapping Turtles in the Bellinger River catchment? 

 
Managing Stock on Waterways and in Wetlands in the Bellinger Valley (pdf)

Why exclude stock from riparian zones? (pdf)



Cattle grazing in arid environments leads to desertification. "Humans as Agents in the Termination of the African Humid Period" (source)

See also:
Healthy Riverbanks Booklet: The Turtle, The Cattle and The Indian Myna (here)

Images:
Turtle and wildlife in clean river, Coffs Harbour mural
Bellinger River banks with cattle, March 2017

10.3.17

Cover In-Pram Children from Car Exhaust Emissions



Children are particularly vulnerable to even low levels of pollution. Psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents are linked to traffic pollution. (source) Air pollution generally demands sacrifices in lives and economic costs. (source) Pollution from combustion (diesel) vehicles/ motors, fires (back-burning) and wood heaters are just a few that shorten lives prematurely.

Now parents are advised to use covers on their prams during toxic school runs to protect their infants from air pollution:
 “Fine particles show larger health impacts compared to their larger counterparts and at the young age children are more susceptible to particulate pollution, suggesting a clear need for precautionary measures to limit their exposure during their transport along the busy roadsides…Children could be at risk of breathing in some nasty and harmful chemical species…One of the simplest ways to combat this is to use a barrier between the in-pram children and the exhaust emissions, especially at pollution hotspots such as traffic intersections, so parents should use pram covers if at all possible.” (Source)



Links:
Use buggy covers to combat air pollution danger, parents warned, The Guardian, 10.03.2017
Exposure of in-pram babies to airborne particles during morning drop-in and afternoon pick-up of school children, Environmental Pollution 06.03.2017

Top tips to avoid getting metal pollution in your brain, New Scientist, 5 September 2016

NICU treatments for improving neurodevelopmental outcomes rely heavily on touch. On the somatosensory scaffolding of later perceptual, cognitive, and social development. Touch is a cornerstone of interpersonal interactions and sensory-cognitive development. Current Biology, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2017.02.036

Update:
Air quality concerns spur anti-idling push at schools. Parents who leave their cars idling in school pick-up zones urged to switch off.  abc 12.04.2017



Images:
Mother and child getting poisoned by cars, Street art EU
Plastic covered prams of North Shore jogging mums, Sydney
Tyre Adventure Playground, Bellingen

2.3.17

The Big Blueberry on the North Coast of NSW

The coastline of Spain is known as the ‘Sea of Plastic’ ("Mar de Plástico”) (film)  It is the world’s largest plastic greenhouse complex with 350 square km of fruit and vegetables grown by immigrant  labour for the horticultural industry.

Will the North Coast of NSW become such an industrial plastic wrapped landscape?

This ‘country’ has had 229 years of extractive industries. The extraction and export of natural resources in colonial times and now leads to conflicts with residential areas.

Small scale rural landholdings populate the coast and the hinterland. The commons protects National Parks and reserves to afford biodiversity a home. The interface of nature reserves, human settlement and industrial production is that of conflict. “Residents and council do not know about a blueberry farm development until they are there”. (source)

The high rainfall area has been also ‘discovered’ by multinational agribusiness. Once, some of the Coffs Harbour area was know as the ‘Big Banana’, it seems now the North Coast is being developed into the BIG BLUEBERRY.


The cash crop is grown for export. After the land is cleared (image) and all Australian flora and fauna have been made homeless, the crops are grown with agri-chemicals (pesticide, fungicide etc). Runoff impacts the surrounding areas. The berries and the incorporated water and soil are sent overseas. The legacy remains.

Increased machine noise and traffic impact on residents and remaining wildlife.

The promise of ‘jobs’ reads more like ’The Grapes of Wrath’. It has been found that backpackers and non-English speaking background workers from o.s. are underpaid and exploited. (here, here, here)

The farm workers go, but residents are stuck in a neighbourhood that is becoming an industrial site. The conflict between locals and large corporate agribusiness interests needs attention by the regulatory bodies.

As coastal urbanisation increases, the space and resources shrink. The horticultural industry expands in Bellingen, Boambee Valley, Coffs Coast, Corindi, Crossmaglen, Woolgoolga, Repton, Valla, Valery and Nambucca. At Bruxner Park the views towards Coffs Harbour and the ocean are starting to look like the above plastic netting landscape, white plastic nets are gobbling up the green coastal landscape.

The 21st century could offer a chance to refrain from treating ‘country’ as a BIG QUARRY. A future beyond extraction and exploitation. Care for the commons, the water bodies, soil and biodiversity.

Authorities can regulate and monitor ‘land use’ and prevent abuse in the interest of all.

 
Quotes:
- A meeting at the CWA on Monday, March 13 at 7pm
“Intensive Horticulture is creeping into the Bellinger Valley by stealth and residents across the Shire will gather to discuss largely unmonitored and unregulated development of intensive horticulture as a new plantation has now become evident to worried neighbours from Valery,” Bellingen Environment Centre spokesperson Caroline Joseph said. (source)

- Valla: “There is no visual flow in Deep Creek and still pumping continues" (source)

- Repton: “A key feature of the village is the natural setting, surrounded by the Bongil Bongil National Park and Pine Creek State Forest. The conversion of land zoned R5 to provide for an agricultural development is wholly at odds with the primary objective of the zone.”
Thirty-Two separate chemicals are listed in the NSW Department of Primary Industry’s Blueberry Plant protection Guide 2015-2016 for use on blueberries in NSW to control disease and pests...Of the 32 chemicals approved one third of the chemicals are identified as likely to have a long-lasting, negative off-target impact … most disturbing is that pesticides can have both immediate (acute) effects and long term (chronic) effects on the health of people who are exposed to them. ... (The) main concern is spray drift over to nearby houses whose only water is collected in tanks and consequently we will drink.” (source)

- Woolgoolga: “The development of a blueberry farm near his property further west on Newmans Rd resulted in a reduction of kangaroos in that area.” (source)

Links:
Blueberry farm in the Shire reignites the debate, Bellingen Courier, 28.02.2017
Repton resistance  Bellingen Courier, 29.11.2015 
Like living in a war zone, abc 01.03.2017 
Australian agriculture safeguarding against climate change. Structures for larger-scale growers to cover whole paddocks or orchards. abc 04.03.2017
Warning against the deliberate exploitation of young people and visa holders, Bellingen Courier, 06.03.2017

Updates:
 
Blueberry blues: how the cash crop is causing a contamination crisis in Coffs Harbour, 29.09.2022 The Guardian  
 
Calls for royal commission as report details allegations blueberry farmers pay workers $3 an hour 3.12.2020

 Concerned residents want blueberry farms to need a DA 
“We were shocked to learn that there is no monitoring or compliance required at a local (council) level to clear privately owned,forested land or to establish intensive horticulture plantations and that this concern about unregulated development is being shared across the region,” Bellingen Environment Centre’s Caroline Joseph said... Pine Creek is dying ..." Bellingen Courier, 14.03.2017

Deregulate, deregulate - "Productivity Commission recommends a wide slash of farm red tape, except biosecurity and food safety. It also recommends agricultural land should be used for its highest value, even if that means resource development." abc rural 29.03.2017

"Europe's Dirty Little Secret: Moroccan Slaves and a 'Sea of Plastic' " or landscapes a perennial plastic greenhouses, Ecowatch 2015
 
Marine scientists fingerprint sources of nitrogen on the Coffs coast. Nearly all creeks with agriculture (blueberry, macadamia) and urban land use have (sewage) water quality issues. Bellingen Courier, 16.09.2020
 


Images:
Greenhouses of the Campo de Dalías, Almería Province, Spain , NASA’s Earth Observatory
Organic blueberries
The March of Business, Bellingen graffiti 
 
More images:

Mar del Plastico, Bernhard Lang